Wind turbines Bane or Boon Essay Example

Wind turbines: Bane or Boon Essay A driving inspiration in the mission for the revelation is the truth that the conventional wellsprings of vitality, for example, petroleum products, coal and so forth, will in the end be depleted (Think Quest, 1998). The present utilization for wind turbine innovation is at an anticipated 20 percent commitment to the force needs of the United States (Randall Swisher, 2006). Likewise, wind turbine innovation doesn't produce any of the poisonous gases and ozone harming substances credited to the utilization of petroleum products (Ian Callis, 2006). In any case, as expressed prior, the utilization of wind innovation brings with it an assortment of disadvantages.Though wind power doesn't deliver the contamination that is related with the customary utilization of petroleum derivatives, the utilization of wind turbines can have crushing on the territories inhabitants living around the plant site (Think Quest, 1998). The bigger breeze turbines are furnished with long sharp edges, or the pur ported â€Å"egg-beater† type (Think Quest, 1998). These cutting edges can match 45 meters (148 feet), making the pivot breadth reach up to 300 feet, or 90 meters (Wolfe Island Residents for the Environment). These enormous cutting edges represent a risk to the flying creatures that cross the ways of the turbines, as the area of these turbines are in the immediate way of the transient courses of certain winged animals (Think Quest, 1998).This condition exists since the turbines need a high measure of wind for their productive activity (Think Quest, 1998). Like sun oriented force, wind turbine vitality activities are not unreasonably proficient (Walter Youngquist, 2000). For the ideal breeze vitality offices, the areas of these breeze cultivates for the most part are arranged in the territories where the air goes in the middle of the slopes (Youngquist, 2000). Additionally, the development period of the breeze ranch can end up being unfavorable to the untamed life in the terri tory (Jack Green (International) Pty Ltd, 2005).The worry over winged animal setbacks concern the case that these may be murdered or harmed when they interact with the cutting edges of the turbines (Jack Green, 2005). These additionally antagonistically sway on the relocation, reproducing and settling examples of avian untamed life, since these do influence the accessibility of characteristic territory and radiate commotions that are hurtful to the winged animals (Jack Green, 2005). With danger of these breeze turbines making more losses the avian untamed life, two United States Congressmen from West Virginia, Alan Mollohan and Nick Rahall, have mentioned the General Accounting Office to lead an investigation on the unfavorable impacts of the turbines on the state (James Taylor, 2004).Another concern is the upkeep expenses of these offices. When in doubt, the standard rate is that the measure of the framework being introduced, state $400 dollars, one percent of that sum must be save d for activity and support costs for the existence pattern of the framework (Mick Sagrillo, 2002).â So, on the off chance that the expense of establishment hurries to around $50,000, at that point the expenses for the year would add up to $500 (Sagrillo, 2002). The biggest measure of slowed down activity time for wind turbines has to do with gearbox harm (Gerald Munson).It is progressively apparent when one little bearing flops in the turbine. On the off chance that a course costing $ 1,500 breaks, this could bring about significant costs, similar to the requirement for a gearbox substitution costing about $100,000, $50,000 to rewind the generator, and paying $70,000 for a crane to get to the turbine itself (Munson). Just for one turbine and the expense heightens if the turbine is situated seaward (Munson). Tragically, the truth of the matter is that around 6 out of 10 turbines in the United States are behind upkeep plans (Renewable Energy Sources, 2008).The primary factor to cons ider in the development of a breeze office would be the untrustworthiness of a consistent gracefully of twist (Clean Energy Ideas, 2008). Under these conditions, sun powered or geothermal activities can be considered as another option (Clean, 2008). Likewise, a few nations have forced an expense on sustainable power source, making their costs higher than nations that have put resources into other increasingly customary elective types of vitality age (Nuclear Info, 2008). Thusly, the commitment impacts of wind as a feasible vitality elective is as yet viewed as negligible contrasted with that of oil (Youngquist, 2000).;

The Ethics of Living Jim Crow free essay sample

The reaction to any giving circumstance is rarely fitting, the decency for oneself and different negroes is totally destroyed and above all there is an arrangement of dread that is founded from white sources as well as from dark sources also which have been taught into the framework. Applicable to Richard Wright is the idea of dark manliness and the manner by which this manliness is mishandled, cannot and made confounded by whites all over. We notice int his little story the inference to the manner by which dark men were called young men yet needed to call white men sir. This is the ? rst manner by which manliness is can't. Second, the powerlessness of dark men to shield dark ladies from mishandled and taking an interest in the verbal corruption of their own females prompts a feeling of ineptitude and disgrace in dark men. This disgrace is just extended by female comprehension of the powerlessness of dark men to secure them, as we can see from the young ladies answer to Wrights inaction and even verbal assent when the young lady? s bottom is moved by a white men. ! We additionally notice in Wright? s stories the apprehensions of amalgamation which I believe are profoundly established in the long standing custom of dread of dark men? s sexual ability. The inference to the murdering of a dark men in view of his closeness with a white ladies signal 1 Richard Wright, â€Å"The Ethics of Living Jim Crow,† from Uncle Tom? Youngsters (New York: HarperCollins, 1993 [? rst distributed 1940] Elizabeth Chang, â€Å"Why Obama Should Not Have Checked Black,† Washington Post, April 29, 2010. Gotten to January 24 , http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/28/AR2010042804156. html profound issues and worries with between racial relations. Moreover the idea of the white ladies? s distance in any event, when that lady is a prostitute who strolls around exposed while within the sight of dark men, suggests the position of white ladies in a platform out of the compass of dark men in any shape or structure. This is set versus the acknowledged availability of the dark female body for all high contrast. Subsequently, of the manner by which dark ladies? s bodies have been treated as a wellspring of amusement and savage delights, dark ladies are assaulted without regret and contacted voluntarily. Correspondingly men are manhandled freely from multiple points of view which are similarly awful yet additionally established in the supposed uselessness of dark individuals. This uselessness is additionally obvious through the straightforwardness with which negroes are taken steps to be slaughtered or beaten. Subjection, Race, and Ideology in the United States of America2 ! This article presents a wide range of models that I ? nd especially valuable for our conversation. The ? rst, the decision of the preeminent court to pass judgment on segregation based on racial qualification features the insufficiency of american guidelines (the incomparable court being an agent) to pass judgment on moral inquiries. Rather than concentrating on the establishments of profound quality the court picks race which has all through american history become a significant build for judgment. The usage of this social build is dangerous and especially beguiling. The examined wonders of collection all activities performed by blacks into the classification of â€Å"black actions† as a group, additionally calls attention to a significant strain in american culture. This has consistently been a significant issue and keeps on being today as we hear negative analysis of Precious on the grounds that it depicts African-American families as useless instead of the manner by which we see a white ? lm and comprehend that it is one white family or gathering of people, instead of the portrayal of the â€Å"White† race. ! This article likewise works superbly at noticing the in-oppressive manner by which ruelty has frequently work in this manner entangling the discussion and setting out to pose the inquiry of to what degree these practices were human pitilessness and malice by and large. Whites had subjugated whites and blacks had oppressed blacks, truly non-subjugation was a special case instead of a standard. ! *Note: as a side point one can see that the uni? cation of blacks and whites along lines of class was one that excite in the upper white class a dread which prompted the longing of isolating these gatherings to debilitate their quality. Why Obama Should Not Have Checked Black Responses3 ! In light of this article I should state that I unequivocally can't help contradicting the view that he ought not have checked dark. I accept that Obama even as the pioneer of the United States of America has the God-Given option to distinguish himself as he picks. The reality 3 Elizabeth Chang, â€Å"Why Obama Should Not Have Checked Black,† Washington Post, April 29, 2010. Gotten to January 24 , http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/28/AR2010042804156. html cap he checked the black box doesn't in any capacity infer that he needs to deny his white character. Truly in various events he has made full case to the lavishness of his individual because of his bi-raciality. Simultaneously in any case, he may feel all the more intently and unpreventably identi? ed with the dark side of his personality since it is genuinely unpreventable. It isn't that he is permitting society to administer what his character is, however a greater amount of the mental procedures included when he looks at a mirror and sees a dark face. In particular it is an acknowledgment of his connections to his Black parentage, an acknowledgment of the specific battles that he faces as a dark men and the manner by which he may feel all the more firmly identified with one network in light of the manner by which cultural weights, (for example, bigotry for the shade of his skin paying little mind to his whiteness) may have pushed him more like one network as opposed to the next. ! Moreover, and this I do remember, probably the greatest intrigue of the Obama battle was definitely the way that for the ? rst time a BLACK man had the chance of being in the White House. The battle didn't concentrate on how a bi-racial man would make it there. Along these lines in checking some other decision there may have been numerous individuals who may have felt disturbed. Additionally, checking the bi-racial classification could bring to the front line fears of amalgamation that despite everything exist in America today. By Muting these feelings of dread with checking the Black box, Obama stayed away from a lot of well known decay. ! To wrap things up, the message about race isn't something that the demonstration of one amazing individual decides. Her little girls don't need to settle on the decision that Obama made, why not? Since it is exactly that, a decision.

Computer Crime Essays - Hacker, Phreaking, Hacking, Cybercrime

PC Crime Essays - Hacker, Phreaking, Hacking, Cybercrime PC Crime It's the end of the week, you don't have anything to do so you choose to mess about on your PC. You turn it on and afterward fire up, you begin calling individuals with your modem, associating with a different universe, with individuals simply like you at a catch press away. This is all fine be that as it may, what happens when you begin getting into different people groups PC documents. At that point it turns into a wrongdoing, however what is a PC wrongdoing truly, clearly it includes the utilization of a PC yet what are these wrongdoings. Well they are: Hacking, Phreaking, and Software Piracy. To start I will begin with Hacking, what is hacking. Hacking is fundamentally utilizing your PC to Hack your way into another. They use programs called scanners which arbitrarily dials numbers any creating tones or transporters are recorded. These numbers are looked at by programmers and afterward utilized once more, when the programmer calls up the number what's more, jumps on he's given a logon brief, this is the place the hacking truly starts, the programmer attempts to sidestep this in any case he knows step by step instructions to and attempts to access the framework. For what reason do they do it, well gives up to a book and see Devoted youthful PC programmers in their preteens and youngsters are as often as possible associated with PC wrongdoings that appear as intruding, intrusion of security, or vandalism. Frequently they are mearly out for a pointless fooling around night, and they get snared in the unlawful utilization of their machines without figuring it out the full import of what they are doing , I make some hard memories accepting that so lets see what a programmer needs to state about what he does Just as they were enthraled with their quest for data, so are we. The excitement of the hack isn't in overstepping the law, it's in the interest what's more, catch of information. , as should be obvious the programmer doesn't go out to do wreck things albeit some do. It's in the quest for information. Obviously this is still illegal. Be that as it may, where did all of this beginning, MIT is the place hacking began the individuals there would learn and investigate PC frameworks all around the globe. In the perspectives of expert hacking resembles drugs or some other addictive subezce, it's an enslavement for the brain and once began it's hard to stop. This could be valid, as programmers recognize what they are doing isn't right and they realize chances are they will be gotten. Be that as it may, as I referenced a few programmers are simply better than expected crooks, utilizing there aptitudes to break in banks and different spots where they can get cash, or where they can annihilate data. What a programmer does at a bank is take a couple of pennies or even a couple of portions of a pennies from numerous various records this may appear as though only when totally incorporated can be alot. A stick up burglar midpoints about $8,000 each work, and he needs to risk his life and individual flexibility to do it while the PC programmer in the solace of his own lounge midpoints $500,000 an occupation. With respect to individuals decimating data, this is for bringing somebody down, demolition of information could end a business which for some is exceptionally alluring. It can cost an organization a large number of dollars to reestablish the harm done. Since you have an underezding of what a programmer is, it time to proceed onward to somebody intently connects with a programmer. This is a Phreak, however what is that. For the appropriate response we go to the what is known as the Official Phreakers Manual Phreak [fr'eek] 1. The activity of utilizing evil and for the most part illicit courses in request to not pay for a type of media communications bill, request, move, or other help. It regularly includes utilization of exceptionally unlawful boxes and machines so as to overcome the security that is set up to maintain a strategic distance from this kind of occurring. [fr'eaking] v. 2. An individual who utilizes the above techniques for demolition and disarray so as to improve a life for all. A genuine phreaker won't conflict with his colleagues or narc on individuals who have teased him or do anything named to be

Eutectic Definition and Examples

Eutectic Definition and Examples An eutectic framework is a homogeneous, strong blend of at least two substances that structure a super-grid; the blend either liquefies or cements at a lower temperature than the dissolving purpose of any of the individual substances. The expression most usually alludes to a blend of combinations. An eutectic framework possibly shapes when there is a particular proportion between the segments. The word originates from the Greek words eu, which means great or well and tecsis, which means softening. Instances of Eutectic Systems A few instances of eutectic frameworks or eutectoids exist, in metallurgy and in different fields. These blends commonly have valuable properties that are not controlled by any single constituent substance: Sodium chloride and water structure an eutectoid when the blend is 23.3% salt by mass with an eutectic point at - 21.2 degrees Celsius. The framework is utilized to make dessert and to liquefy ice and snow.The eutectic purpose of the blend of ethanol and water is almost unadulterated ethanol. The worth methods there is a greatest proof or virtue of liquor that can be gotten utilizing distillation.Eutectic combinations are regularly utilized for binding. An average sythesis is 63% tin and 37% lead by mass.Eutectoid smooth metals show outrageous consumption obstruction and strength.Inkjet printer ink is an eutectic blend, allowing printing at a moderately low temperature.Galinstan is a fluid metal combination (made out of gallium, indium, and tin) utilized as a low-poisonousness swap for mercury. Related Terms Ideas and terms identified with eutectic frameworks include: Eutectoid: Eutectoid alludes to a homogeneous strong blend that structures from cooling at least two dissolved metals to a certain temperature.Eutectic Temperature or Eutectic Point: The eutectic temperature is the most reduced conceivable liquefying temperature for the entirety of the blending proportions of the part substances in an eutectoid. At this temperature, the super-grid will discharge the entirety of its parts and the eutectic framework will liquefy into a fluid in general. Balance this with a non-eutectic blend, in which every segment will cement into a cross section at its own particular temperature until the entire material in the long run becomes solid.Eutectic Alloy: An eutectic composite is a compound framed from at least two segments that shows eutectic conduct. An eutectic amalgam liquefies at an unmistakable temperature. Not all double amalgams structure eutectic compounds. For instance, gold-silver doesn't frame an eutectoid, as the valence electrons are not good with super-cross section formation.Eutectic Percentage Ratio: This is characterized as the overall piece of the parts of an eutectic blend. The sythesis, especially for parallel blends, is regularly appeared on a stage graph. Hypoeutectic and Hypereutectic: These terms apply to sytheses that could shape an eutectoid, yet don't have the suitable proportion of part substances. A hypoeutectic framework has a littler level of ÃŽ ² and a more noteworthy level of ÃŽ ± than an eutectic structure, while a hypereutectic framework has a more prominent level of ÃŽ ± and a lower level of ÃŽ ² than an eutectic sythesis.

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Breaking Gender Expectations in Millay’s “I, being born a woman” - Literature Essay Samples

In the poem â€Å"I, being born a woman†, Edna St. Vincent Millay focuses on the idea that women can exist outside of what men make them to be, including the idea that they are ruled by their impulses. She uses the poem to show that women can not only exist and survive without the support of men, but rather they can thrive in their own lives outside of the cultural mores. The poem has a matter of fact tone that may be perceived as sharp or condescending toward the way women are seen and also makes a mockery of the cultural perception of women. â€Å"I, being born a woman† is arguably challenging the expectations of women. In the article, â€Å"‘Being Born A Woman’: A New Look At Edna St. Vincent Millay†, Klemans claims that the poem is â€Å"feminist.† The final couplet I find this frenzy insufficient reason / For conversation when we meet again (Millay) explores a lack of willingness to conform to the idea of how women should have acted. Instead of talking when the two lovers meet again, the woman plans on simply ignoring the man as if their encounter meant nothing to her. The man that is being addressed in this poem can expect no pleasantries from the speaker. Instead their encounter was purely sexual, and nothing more, no emotions attached. These lines and their accompanying explanation show that women do not need men the way men think they do, and women are not as unstable and needy as they perceived. Instead, women can function as sexual beings without having all of their actions bein g ruled by their impulses, thus illustrating the â€Å"feminist philosophy† (Klemans) through the idea that women do not need men and their approval, but rather they are equals and can function the same as men. Since the speaker of the poem is a woman as well, the final couplet shows that she is taking control of the relationship and that she is the one deciding that talking is not merited by their past actions. The control this woman has in the relationship also furthers the idea that this poem is ultimately feminist because it reserves the right of deciding the future of the relationship for the woman. Additionally, the speaker’s curt words in the final couplet support the idea that the tone is sharp and looks down upon the culture’s idea of what women should be and how they should act and react. Hubbard also addresses the sexual component in her article â€Å"on ‘I Being Born a Woman’† through the idea that the woman â€Å"only submits to herself† and therefore is never controlled by a man and is instead ruled only by herself and her own desires. The lines â€Å"the poor treason / Of my stout blood against my staggering brain (Millay) support the idea that the woman plays â€Å"both winner and loser† (Hubbard). The speaker must betray herself, thus losing, and succumb to her fleshly desires no matter what her brain is telling her in order to win by defying and showing the man that she has control and he is essentially powerless in the situation. He cannot argue her decision since he is not written into the poem, thus rendering him s ilent. However, arguably, since the speaker never falls under the control of a man, the woman always wins in the end and never truly plays the part of the loser, because the speaker can only lose if she succumbs to her feelings and relies on the man for approval and her emotional stability. This argument supports the thesis because it shows that while men expect women to submit to their authority, women are actually the ones holding the control over man and using it for themselves. The woman is able to walk away in the end leaving the man behind, showing that a woman may exist and thrive outside of man’s mold for her. Not only does Hubbard argue that the poem is fundamentally about women taking control, but Dr. Ghani draws influence from Hubbard in her paper, â€Å"Feminine Revolt and Self-Expression: A Study of Selected Poems By Edna St. Vincent Millay† because she also believes that the speaker in the poem does not rely on â€Å"sexual coyness.† Ghani claims that the speaker does not associate sexual appeal with â€Å"youth and beauty† but rather quotes Hubbard in stating that the bodys ruin as its badge of sexual authority†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This line illustrates that both authors believe that the sexual freedom that Millay wrote into her poems and gave to her female speaker was what gave the speaker authority. It had nothing to do with their age or appearance, but rather their rights to decide upon their own actions. The woman in â€Å"I being born a woman† plays not only the â€Å"distressed† mistress but also the â€Å"frenzied† and the â€Å"urged and u ndone† (Millay). Therefore the woman takes on numerous roles, supporting Hubbard’s idea that the woman is both the winner and the loser. The speaker is â€Å"distressed† and â€Å"urged and undone† showing how the lack of physical contact has left her. However, the use of the word â€Å"frenzied† illustrates that she also has control over her partner despite being out of control herself. The final couplet then shows the speaker regaining control of herself once again after she is no longer â€Å"distressed† thus showing that while she did allow herself to submit to her own desires, in the end she overcame and took control of the situation. The speaker’s triumph shows that despite the woman momentarily proving the man’s predisposed ideas about her, she quickly overcame them and proved him wrong in the end. This provides an essence of trickery and mockery towards the cultural ideals of the time. All of these authors and their explanations and analyses of â€Å"I, being born a woman† support the ideas in the thesis that women are able to exist and be outside of man’s and the culture’s constructed views of them. The poem not only becomes condescending towards the views of the culture, specifically in the final couplet, but also creates a sense of mockery of the expectations of women. The speaker ultimately gets the last laugh in the poem and gets away with using the man for her own gratification. Arguably, Millay’s representation of oppression is still valid in some senses. Despite being one of the most developed countries, the United States still lacks gender equality; women are expected to conduct themselves in specific ways and are often shamed for their desires or experiences. Ultimately, it will take generations with the aspiration to eradicate gender inequality for it to truly happen.

US Financial Crisis and its Impact on Indian Banks - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1080 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Introduction: The 2008 financial crisis was triggered by a dramatic rise in mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures in the US, which had adverse impact on banks and financial markets around the globe. But, Indian banks unlike other developed countries and emerging markets were not seriously affected. It is not surprising as Indian banks have very few branches overseas. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "US Financial Crisis and its Impact on Indian Banks" essay for you Create order Also, they had virtually no direct exposure to European or US mortgage market, and their exposure to complex derivative instruments whose value fell dramatically during crisis was miniscule. Some Indian Banks which have foreign exposure suffered a bit. Notably, ICICI bank faced significant loss of 375 crores as its London subsidiary had exposure of 57 million euro (375 crores) in Lehman Brothers, which had filed for bankruptcy in US  [1]  . As Indian Economy is now a relatively open economy, there were indirect impacts due to the crisis, especially on GDP growth, exports, exchange rates etc. India which had capital inflows of more than $100 billion during 2007-08, saw a net increase in capital inflows of $10 billion. During this time, it was also difficult for Indian companies to raise money from foreign markets. Exchange rate rose dramatically during this time as compared to previous years hitting liquidity and importers badly at same time. A snapshot of historical exchange r ate is provided below. Exchange Rate INR vs USD Indian Banks Performance: BSE SENSEX vs BSE BANKEX  [2] Historically, Indian banks have been well regulated and capitalized and they have also performed well financially. A comparative performance of BSE sensex and BSE bankex has been shown in the above plot. It clearly shows how Indian banks were hit during 2008 crisis, and how they performed post crisis. Though underperforming during the crisis, Indian banks have done fairly well post crisis. RBI Policies and Liquidity Condition: Repo, Reverse Repo and Mibor rates vs Time  [3] 2008 US financial crisis has shown liquidity risk can rise multifold during adverse conditions. In the Indian Financial System context, we can see during the crisis how dramatically Mibor rates had shoot up. In these conditions, it becomes very difficult for financial institutions to borrow money from market to meet their liquidity requirements. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has already put in various ways to mitigate the liquidity risk at short term, systematic level and institution level. Some of the methods include limit of borrowing and lending in the inter-bank call money market, limit on inter-bank liabilities, monitoring of credit deposit ratio of each bank. RBI has also given guidelines on Asset Liability Management (ALM) for banks, and SPVs. RBI has so far not allowed some complex instruments, which are operating in foreign markets. Before the crisis many banks were accusing RBI of its tightening monetary policies (a s can be seen from increasing CRR below). But, later they were appraising RBI for taking prudential policies even before the crisis, and during crisis. The Chairman of HDFC, Deepak Parekh quoted He saved us of Dr. Y.V. Reddy (RBI Governor during the crisis). Nobel Laureate Joseph E. Stiglitz commented if America had a central bank chief like Y. V. Reddy, the US economy would not have been in such a mess. CRR Ratio vs Time  [4] Policy Response: Though, RBI had already taken various steps observing global financial system, it took an active role in protecting Indian banks in terms of providing support for liquidity through various mechanisms. Support from government thorough fiscal policies helped Indian banks and economy to recover faster as compared to other economies in the world. Monetary Policy Response: RBI advised banks to report their exposure to Lehman Brothers and related entities, as soon as Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy under chapter 11. During that time of 77 reporting banks, 14 banks reported their exposure to Lehman Brother and its related entities including India and abroad. In the aftermath of the turmoil caused by bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, RBI announced a series of measures to facilitate financial stability and orderly operations of financial markets, which predominantly included providing additional liquidity support options to banks. RBI was able to manage the situation with appropriate u se of a range of mechanisms available to manage the liquidity in the economy such as Cash Reserve Ratio, Statutory Liquidity Ratio, Liquidity Adjustment Facility and Open Market Operations including Market Stabilization Scheme. As seen from the plot of Repo, Reverse repo and Mibor rates with time, 2007 had seen a large capital inflow, leading to excessive liquidity, which was absorbed by RBI through mechanism such as LAF, MSS and CRR. But during crisis, RBI started loosening the tighter monetary policy to provide additional liquidity in the system. In the first phase the cash reserve ratio (CRR) was cut down from 9% to 5.5% (sharpest reduction ever in CRR). The CRR reduction released Rs 1,50,000 cores of primary liquidity in less than a month to the liquidity stressed economy. Statutory liquidity ratio (SLR) was reduced from 25% to 24%. Also RBI allowed a temporary relaxation in SLR to the extent of 1.5%. This facility was granted to enable banks to borrow the RS 60,000 crores of additional liquidity to lending to mutual funds. RBI also cut repo rate from 9% to 4.75%, reverse repo from 6% to 3.25%. Other steps included, increase in the interest rate ceiling on NRI and FCNR bank deposits to attract deposits, providing export credit refinance and reducing provisioning norms on housing loans, real estate loans, personal loans etc. Fiscal Policy Response: Finance minister P. Chidambaram announced that RBI would provide temporary liquidity support of 250 thousand crores to commercial bank and NABARD, against the first debt. The government has decided that the limit of foreign investment (FII) in corporate bond would be raised from $3billion to $6 billion. SEBI also played a celebrated role in managing the flow of money from abroad. The promoters were now allowed to increase their holding in their company up to 75% through creeping acquisition route Earlier restriction prohibited them from acquiring more than 55% companys equity. Recommendations: Several lessons could be learned from the US financial crisis, which could help us to avert any similar future crisis. Especially for Indian Banking System, which was luckily not so entangled with the US or Europe financial system, various guidelines and policies could be recommended. Capital requirements for complex structured products, whose risk assessment is difficult, could be increased from current prevailing norms. Soundly managing, reporting of off-balance sheet items. Capital requirement treatment for off-balance sheet items could be strengthened. Helping banks to oversight the firm level and market level risks arising in future. Discourage the use of complex structured products, which are risky in nature, for banks.

Using the Preterite Perfect Tense in Spanish

The preterite perfect tense is unusual in Spanish, and you  are unlikely to hear it in everyday speech nor have a need, in most situations, to use it. But you should be aware of how it is used in case you come across it in literature or historical accounts. Except when a writer is seeking a literary effect or providing a bad translation from English, the preterite perfect is seldom used in modern writing. Key Takeaways: Preterite Perfect Tense The preterite perfect tense is formed by using the preterite form of haber followed by a past participle.The preterite perfect is not common in modern Spanish, being mainly used for literary effect.In its historical use, the preterite perfect was often used to provide a sense of immediacy of action. How To Use the Preterite Perfect The preterite perfect, also known as the anterior perfect or the  pretà ©rito anterior  in Spanish, is formed by using the  preterite  of  haber  followed by the  past participle. It is used to refer to an event that was completed immediately prior to another event in the past, and thus it is usually used in sentences that also include use of another verb past tense. In other words, a verb in the preterite perfect is almost never the only verb in a sentence. Here is an excerpt from  Cervantes Don Quijote to illustrate:  Apenas  hubo dicho  esto el cristiano cautivo, cuando el jinete se arrojà ³ del caballo y vino a abrazar al mozo.  (The Christian captive had barely said this when the horseman leaped off his horse and came to hug the lad.) Note that the act of saying something (hubo dicho) immediately preceded a past action of hugging the lad. As in the examples below, use of the preterite perfect follows a phrase or word with a time element. Regardless of the specific words used, the word or phrase can be translated as something that means as soon as or immediately after, as that sense of immediacy is conveyed by the verb tense. And while the preterite perfect frequently is translated using an English perfect tense (one using had and the participle), it is often fine to translate using the simple preterite. There seems to be little difference, for example, in meaning between as soon as I saw it and as soon as I had seen it, so feel free to use whichever sounds better. Examples of the Preterite Perfect in Use Y luego que yo la  hube visto, caà ­ sobre mi rostro.  (And as soon as I saw it, I fell upon my face.)Cuando  hubo comprendido  esto no pudo evitar echar un vistazo al chico.  (Once he understood this he could not avoid glancing at the boy.)Una vez que  hubimos encontrado  un à ¡rbol que daba sombra, me ayudà ³ a sentarme en el pasto.  (Once we found a tree that provided shade, he helped me get seated in the grass.)Una vez  hube conocido  varios pueblos de la provincia, decidà ­ escaparme al Sur.  (Once I had met some peoples from the province, I decided to flee to the South.)Cuando todos los dioses  hubieron muerto, Tonatiuh, el sol, comenzà ³ su interminable camino por el firmamento.  (When all the gods died, Tonatiuh, the sun, began his eternal journey through the firmament.()Cuando  hube sabido  del budismo sabà ­a bien lo que era el dharma.  (As soon as I knew about Buddhism, I knew what the dharma was.)

Informative Speech Informational Readings On Space

Chervantis Lee Content Area: 4th Grade Reading Title: Informational Readings on Space Dates: December 5,2016- December 9, 2016 Common Core Standards Addressed CCSS.4. RI.4.1 Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. CCSS. 4. .RI.4.2 Determine the main idea of a text and explain how it is supported by key details; summarize the text. CCSS.4 .RI.4.34 Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text, including what happened and why, based on specific information in the text. Instruction Plan Day 1: Introduction to Space Present: Students will participate in a participate in a â€Å"Solar System Games† a series of three various games such as (Name that Planet, Identify Constellations, Navigating the Solar System) designed to assess exiting knowledge and understanding of Space and used as an introduction to the unit. 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Ford Motor Company An American Manufacturer Of...

Ford Motor Company, is an American manufacturer of automobiles headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan and is comprised of about 181,000 employees. With 65 plants worldwide that span over six continents, Ford Motor Company has retained its title as the best selling U.S. brand for three years straight since 2012, according to Forbes. In fact, Ford Motor Company sold approximately 6,330,000 vehicles at wholesale around the world in 2013. By 2020, the company projects its annual global sales to increase between 45% to 55%, equivalent to approximately 9.4 million vehicles. In addition, Ford opened its third assembly plant in Chongqing, China, which became Ford’s largest manufacturing location outside southeast Michigan (corporate.ford.com). Ford†¦show more content†¦Ford Credit is a wholly-owned subsidiary, which offers automotive financing products to and through automotive dealers throughout the world. It earns its revenue primarily from the payments made under retail insta llment sale and lease contracts that it generates, and purchases payments made under dealer financing program. Ford Credit does business in the United States and Canada through business centers. Outside of the United States, Europe is Ford Credit’s largest operation. Other Financial Services includes a range of business, including holding companies and real estate. Ford Motor Company was founded by Henry Ford in 1903. Due to the high profit it generated in the first few months after they incorporated the company, it planted its first international subsidiary in Canada in 1904. By 1919, Henry Ford established Ford Motor Company as a family business by making himself, Clara Ford, and Edsel Ford the sole owners of the business. To balance out the simple and affordable cars that Ford produced, Ford then purchased Lincoln from his former business associate in 1922, which added a more opulent side of the company as Lincoln branded themselves as a car manufacturer that focused on pr oducing luxury cars of historical and aesthetic note. In 1938, Edsel Ford launched Mercury to market entry-level luxury cars slotted between Ford-branded regular models and Lincoln-branded luxury vehicles. By the mid 1950’s, Ford became a publicly traded company; its

Ku Klux Klan Black Panther Party free essay sample

Examines groups origins, political ideologies, leadership, racial views, publics attitudes, violence and social impact. Although the Ku Klux Klan and the Black Panther Party both employed violence to obtain their objectives, few similarities exist between the two groups. The Ku Klux Klan was committed to maintaining the status quo, white supremacy, in the communities in which it operated. Their objective was to suppress the activities of people of color, whom they perceived as threats to the established order. In contrast, the Black Panthers considered themselves revolutionaries. Their goal was to elevate the oppressed masses of African-Americans and to overthrow the existing political system. Thus, the Klan sought to restore a sense of power to whites, while the Black Panthers sought to gain a rightful share of power for blacks. The Ku Klux Klan is a name that describes two distinct groups of white racists in American history. The first Klan. We will write a custom essay sample on Ku Klux Klan Black Panther Party or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Library and information science free essay sample

(Designation), Department of Library and Information Science, University of Delhi, Delhi for his meticulous and expert guidance, constructive criticism, patient hearing and benevolent behavior through out my ordeal of the present research. I shall remain grateful to him for his cordial, cooperative attitude, wise and knowledgeable counsel that acted as an impetus in the successful completion of my project work. I would like to particularly thank the Head of the Department ________________ (Name of the HOD) for giving me guidance and inspiration during my study in the department. We will write a custom essay sample on Library and information science or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I never forget the kind help extended by the HOD. It however, not possible for me to forget the kind of help provided by the faculty members, Professor (Mrs.) S. P. Singh, Dr. Shailendra Kumar, Dr. (Mrs.) P. K. Walia, Dr. K. P. Singh, Dr. (Mrs.) Meera, and Mr. Manish Kumar. I also convey my thanks to Department Library Staff for extending their support in my study in the department. At last but not least my friends in the department who deserves some words of thanks. Chapter 3: Bibliography with Abstract gives complete citation information about the various literatures used in the study with proper abstract according to Modern Language Association of America (MLA) Handbook for writers of research papers, 7th edition. Appendix- I: Author Index with Abstract. This chapter deals with the names of the authors related to references provided in the Chapter-3 of the report i.e. Bibliography with Abstract. All authors in the part are arranged in alphabetically. Appendix- II: Title Index gives at a glance overview of the titles of the articles used in the study and arranged in alphabetical order. The literature survey is conducted for the period 20 20 . It includes the articles of journals, which are subscribed by the Central Library, University of Delhi, Delhi. A search has been conducted on the terms â€Å" -(your topic related keywords†, â€Å" †, in LISA, Emerald, LISTA, Science direct, EBSCO and other database to complete review of literature for the proposed study, including search on e-journals websites. In addition to above searches, bibliography of journal article are also reviewed for more sources as well as websites and consulted various eminent experts. 1.5 METHODOLOGY For preparing of this literature survey I have taken a lot of steps for collecting the articles about the (your topic name). First Sir/madam, told us about the what is literature survey and what are the steps involved for preparing it. He had given me the topic – â€Å"(your topic name)† for the survey. I went to the department library and central library for collecting articles from journals on my assigned topic. I also consulted electronic resources for collecting articles such as emerald, [emailprotected] Infonet, Open-Jgate, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), etc. After the verification of the entries of the articles by the supervisor my last was the preparation of the report.

Tourism the Mentawai Archipelago Surfing Industry

1. When examining the case of the Mentawai archipelago and the development of the local tourism industry through the promotion of the area as a surfing venue, it can be seen that instead of developing its own tourism industry by encouraging local entrepreneurship the local government in effect gave away the capacity for local resorts to flourish in order to encourage foreign investment.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Tourism: the Mentawai Archipelago Surfing Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This was done through legislation aimed at encouraging foreign investment through the privatization of capacity control which would see charter numbers limited, up market resorts favored with capacity linked exclusion zones, and small-scale local operations deemed unlawful (Ponting, McDonald, And Wearing 2005, p. 12). This limited capacity for local entry is similar to the case of the core and periphery system w hich is a predominant feature of neo-colonialism wherein the ability of former colonies to compete in the international market is hampered through their relegation into being resource suppliers instead of being end product manufacturers like their colonial power counterparts. While neo-colonialism does this through international laws, property rights and economic supremacy, in the case of the Mentawi archipelago this accomplished through local laws and legislation which was ironically pushed forth by the local government itself. Furthermore, the â€Å"dependence factor† seen in the case of neo-colonialism where former colonies are dependent on the manufactured goods of the colonial powers can similarly be seen wherein the local tourism industry is dependent on foreign companies and their chartered boat fleets, tour packages, and international promotional activities to bring tourists to the island albeit to foreign controlled resorts and establishments. 2. The term ‘trag edy of the commons’ applies to the Mentawai surfing industry through the exclusion of locals from being able to fully reap the benefits of their natural resources. Similar to what is seen in the case of the core and periphery system of neo-colonialism, Mentawi becomes a resource supplier instead of being an end product maker. The product in this particular instance takes the form of a locally owned tourism industry. Despite the richness and beauty of the local landscape and its ideal conditions for surfing, locals find it difficult if not impossible to sufficiently penetrate the local tourism industry due to the predominance of foreign owned resorts and establishments as well as local legislation which prevents small operations from flourishing.Advertising Looking for assessment on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More 3. a.) Promotion of the local destination to international consumers resulting in an influx of foreign income through the purchase of local products and the hiring of local workers b.) Development of numerous resorts resulting in more job opportunities for local construction firms and construction workers Solution: The main problem with the two factors that were listed is that while they do benefit locals they benefit the foreign owners of the resorts even more since a majority of the foreign income that comes from tourists goes directly to the resort owners. To prevent such an issue in the case of the Mentawai archipelago, limitations on foreign ownership should be implemented. This can be seen in the case of the Philippines wherein they adopted a 60/40 ownership scheme for joint ventures wherein the largest percentage of ownership would go to a local. This ensures that more foreign capital can flow into the local economy which would greatly benefit the Mentawai archipelago resulting in a better economic situation for everyone concerned instead of to just the forei gn owners as seen in the current case. Reference List Ponting, J McDonald, M and Wearing, S 2005, ‘Deconstructing Wonderland: Surfing Tourism in Indonesia’, Society and Leisure, vol. 28. No. 1, pp. 141 – 162 This assessment on Tourism: the Mentawai Archipelago Surfing Industry was written and submitted by user Aryanna V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sample Essay Structure - Why Harvard Style Is Different From Your College Application Essay

Sample Essay Structure - Why Harvard Style Is Different From Your College Application EssayIn case you are wondering why the question about the structure of a sample essay, the reason is that there is a major difference between the formal format of an essay and that of a Harvard Style. As you know, Harvard Style is a style that is used by students who are preparing for a college entrance exam and the other being a style which has been created to be used for application essays, as well as letters of recommendation from professors, mentors, etc. The question now is where can you find the style of the sample essay?There are several sources of writing samples for you to consider, including magazines, newspapers, and textbooks and even books. Of course, the most authentic source is your own faculty or supervisor, but you should also consider joining professional writing groups to improve your work habits and also the quality of your writing.What is a sample essay? This is actually the typ e of essay that is being given to prospective students. The idea is that by being given the essay prior to the actual test you would be able to learn how to write essays, and so that way, prepare yourself to write an excellent essay.A student should always have an idea of what they want to get out of their final project. If this is your final project, then it will be important for you to be very clear with yourself about what you want to achieve, in terms of the essay. By doing this, you will also be able to avoid writing an essay that does not match the standards of your school or university.Also, when reading the essay for the first time, you should put together a brief summary of what you want to include in the essay. This should not be long or wordy, but it should only be short and make it clear what you want to say. This gives you a chance to find a place in the essay where you can insert a little personal touch, since you do not want your focus to be on your own opinion, but r ather on sharing why you believe your opinion should be considered.So how can you start to write a sample essay? You need to take some time and ensure that you have written down a good summary of what you want to say in the essay. Make sure that you have carefully stated all the information that you want to include in the essay.In order to have an original idea, you need to search out a different style of an essay, such as Harvard Style. This is a style that is used by students who are preparing for a college entrance exam and the other being a style which has been created to be used for application essays, as well as letters of recommendation from professors, mentors, etc. In addition, you should be aware that there are many types of essay writing and it is recommended that you take some time to find a style that best fits your personality.The next step would be to edit your essay and then submit it. This may involve an essay editing service or it may be done on your own, which is fine if you have a good understanding of writing and editing.

Free Essays on Communication Differences Between Men And Women In The Workplace

are the same the meaning can be completely different. The same expression can easily have a different connotation or emotional emphasis. Misinterpretation is so common and consistent that eventually we develop limiting perspectives of each other (Gray, 2002) Dr. Gray further explains how this communication difference causes men and women to form incorrect assumptions about each other, thus restricting their ability to trust the other (Gray, 2002). Because of the preconceived notions of men being strong and dependable and women being submissive and emotional, employers and employees come to expect certain communication behaviors of each of the sexes. â€Å"All employees want bosses who are kn... Free Essays on Communication Differences Between Men And Women In The Workplace Free Essays on Communication Differences Between Men And Women In The Workplace Communication Differences Between Men and Women In The Workplace Have you ever noticed the variations in the way men and women communicate? â€Å"It’s one of the mysteries of life why men and women, speaking the same language, have difficulty communicating with each other â€Å" (Balanced Living, 1992). There has been a great deal of study and research in this area of communications. Such study prompted Dr. John Gray to write, â€Å"Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus.† This book studies and helps the reader to understand differences in the way the genders communicate, and offers advice for interpreting the language spoken by the opposite sex. When one considers that relationships take place outside the home, it is important to look at the ways men and women communicate differently in the workplace and how these communication issues impact their effectiveness in management and the way they are perceived by their supervisors and employees. According to author, John Gray, in his subsequent book, Mars & Venus in the Workplace: Nowhere in the workplace do our differences show up more dramatically than in the area of communication. Not only are men and women from different planets, speaking different languages, but they don't realize it; they think they are speaking the same language. Although the words are the same the meaning can be completely different. The same expression can easily have a different connotation or emotional emphasis. Misinterpretation is so common and consistent that eventually we develop limiting perspectives of each other (Gray, 2002) Dr. Gray further explains how this communication difference causes men and women to form incorrect assumptions about each other, thus restricting their ability to trust the other (Gray, 2002). Because of the preconceived notions of men being strong and dependable and women being submissive and emotional, employers and employees come to expect certain communication beh... Free Essays on Communication Differences Between Men And Women In The Workplace Have you ever noticed the variations in the way men and women communicate? â€Å"It’s one of the mysteries of life why men and women, speaking the same language, have difficulty communicating with each other â€Å" (Balanced Living, 1992). There has been a great deal of study and research in this area of communications. Such study prompted Dr. John Gray to write, â€Å"Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus.† This book studies and helps the reader to understand differences in the way the genders communicate, and offers advice for interpreting the language spoken by the opposite sex. When one considers that relationships take place outside the home, it is important to look at the ways men and women communicate differently in the workplace and how these communication issues impact their effectiveness in management and the way they are perceived by their supervisors and employees. According to author, John Gray, in his subsequent book, Mars & Venus in the Workplace: Nowhere in the workplace do our differences show up more dramatically than in the area of communication. Not only are men and women from different planets, speaking different languages, but they don't realize it; they think they are speaking the same language. Although the words are the same the meaning can be completely different. The same expression can easily have a different connotation or emotional emphasis. Misinterpretation is so common and consistent that eventually we develop limiting perspectives of each other (Gray, 2002) Dr. Gray further explains how this communication difference causes men and women to form incorrect assumptions about each other, thus restricting their ability to trust the other (Gray, 2002). Because of the preconceived notions of men being strong and dependable and women being submissive and emotional, employers and employees come to expect certain communication behaviors of each of the sexes. â€Å"All employees want bosses who are kn...

Personal reflection on CFA level 2 financial reporting and analysis Essay

Personal reflection on CFA level 2 financial reporting and analysis - Essay Example Another important lesson learnt is on how to improve the manner in which organizations are able to improve the quality of their financial reporting. This information was very useful to me. This is because it would help me in the identification of proper accounting procedures that can help in the prevention of fraud. Companies such as Enron were able to fall, mostly because they were not using proper accounting procedures that could reflect the true value of their transactions or assets. Other lessons that were of critical importance was on the analysis of multi-national operations, and on inter-corporate investments. Of particular concern to me, was on the analysis of multi-national operations. We are in the age of globalization, and hence there is a need of understanding the manner in which international trade is carried out (Lee & Lee, 2005). As an analyst for an international investment company, the knowledge derived from this class was very important to me, and this is because it gave me an understanding on how multi-national companies behave, and why there is a need of developing an international accounting system that can be used throughout the world. IFRS is an example of such an accounting system, and this was well covered in the class (Albrecht, Stice & Stice, 2011). It is important to explain that the most challenging concepts, while studying in this class, touched on inter-corporate investments. This was a very difficult concept to me, and this is because I failed to understand how a company could invest in the equity or debts of other companies. However, I managed to bridge this gap, by carrying out further research on this aspect of inter-corporate investment. The materials used were from financial journals, books, and various financial websites. In the end, I acquired knowledge on inter-corporate investments, and I knew the reasons companies

Case Study of Pepsico-2009 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Of Pepsico-2009 - Case Study Example The two key threats facing Pepsico may be seen as the considerable level of competition from key players in the market such as Coca-Cola and Kraft who both have large resources and capabilities to compete. In addition, the continuing economic downturn may be seen as a key threat to the company. Pepsico’s key weakness may be seen as one related to the company’s cost management system. While the company is financially strong, it has struggled to maintain costs proportionate to sales growth. Market Focus – In the first instance Pepsico should continue and accelerate a policy of expanding its core product range into new markets were there is considerable potential for sales growth. Such markets include China, the Middle East and Africa. Product Portfolio Analysis – It has become clear that there has been a large change in demand on the behalf of consumers in the US and Europe with declining sales in traditional carbonated drinks and rise in demand for healthier options. As such, in these geographic areas Pepsico should focus energies into developing and marketing a range of alternatives to the tradito9nal carbonated drink and develop a clear healthy brand. Cost Reductions – While the company is considerably profitable and has a strong balance sheet, costs have been rising disproportionately to sales growth. As such, Pepsico should embark on planed cost efficiency drive to help being expenses back into line with sales growth and maintain profit margins. The rational for undertaking the recommended action plan is based upon the consideration of a number of key factors. Changes to the product mix in the US and Europe are designed to take account of changes in consumer demands for healthier products. On the other hand, key opportunities exist for large scale expansion in markets such as China where there is

My Light and Shadows Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Light and Shadows - Essay Example have blamed the existence of unethical practices in the global market place to the fact that there are no universal standards for doing business because standards and ethics vary from place to place (Balkundi and Harrison, 2006). This paper therefore discusses the place of biblical principles for businesses and tries to find the place of these biblical principles in becoming universal standards for doing business. Comparing the guidelines offered by Caux Round Table and White’s Biblical principles, there are some similarities and differences that can be realized, especially using the logic variables presented in the two contexts such as purpose, questions posed, inferences, and conclusions made by the two writers. For example, it can be realized that in both contexts, there is a realization of a higher force and a smaller force. In the instance of the Caux Round Table, the employee is the smaller force who is bounded by the interests of the employer, stakeholders, the market, and the business environment. For the employee to gain favor in the sight of the higher force, there are key principles that must be followed in relation to these higher forces (CRT, 2010). In terms of White’s Biblical principles, similar scenarios are created between worshippers and deities. Regardless of this similarity, there are key differences that are noticed. In terms of implications that the two wri ters create, we read about Caux, focusing on the need for the business oriented person to follow specific ethics for the purpose of achieving business growth and a conclusion that brings about self gratification. In contrast to what is implied by White’s Biblical principles, the follower of rules and ethics is expected to do so not specifically for any personal gratification purposes but as a way of pleasing the maker and achieving a reward that is not of the present world but the world that is yet to come. Relating White’s five principles to that of Caux Round Table, there are

Keeping Peace and Freedom :: Politics Political Freedom Essays

Keeping Peace and Freedom George Bush who is the President of the United States of America came and visited our small town of Flagstaff in September of 2002. As a leader of our country, he reminds the Americans that we should be grateful for our freedom. Through contextualizing, structure, and rhetorical appeals, he gets through to his listeners by reminding us all, that keeping peace and freedom is not an easy job to do. He tells us how lucky we are to have freedom, and what we have to do to keep our â€Å"homeland† safe for our children of today. He speaks on behalf of his people, and what he will do to keep his people safe from our enemies who â€Å"hate† us, because we choose to be free! As President, he is sworn to protect his people, and to keep everything in order in our country. He travels the world to try and promote peace among us and other countries. In this speech that was given by the President, he is speaking to everyone. The General Public, Professionals, Students, and every other citizen. He speaks of freedom and how to protect our â€Å"homeland†. He states â€Å"the enemies hate us because we have freedom†. (P. #3). As Americans we have the freedom to live where we want to, and how we want to. Most of all we have the â€Å"Freedom of Speech†. We voice our opinions when we feel it is necessary, without being punished by the government. In America, we stand together as one nation, to keep peace and freedom! Identifying the structure of Bush’s speech is ways to keep peace and freedom among everyone. In order to keep our freedom, we need to work together to keep our enemies out. He incorporates on how to eliminate all the â€Å"bad guys† one by one, so they will not hurt us again. Bush points out three main reasons to keep peace and freedom; 1.) Protecting our homeland! 2.) Hunting down the enemies. 3.) Preventing the killers from hurting America again. Protecting our homeland is a very difficult job to do, but it can be done when our people come together and fight for our nation.

Leadership Process Essay

First Section Leadership is a process by which one person influences the thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors of others. Leaders set a direction for the rest of us; they help us see what lies ahead; they help us visualize what we might achieve; they encourage us and inspire us. Level 5 leadership refers to the highest level in a hierarchy of executive capabilities that we identified during our research. Leaders at the other four levels in the hierarchy can produce high degrees of success but not enough to elevate companies from mediocrity to sustained excellence. And while Level 5 leadership is not the only requirement for transforming a good company into a great one—other factors include getting the right people on the bus (and the wrong people off the bus) and creating a culture of discipline—our research shows it to be essential. Good-to-great transformations don’t happen without Level 5 leaders at the helm. They just don’t. (Traylor, 2001) The Level 5 leader sits on top of a hierarchy of capabilities and is, according to our research, a necessary requirement for transforming an organization from good to great. But what lies beneath? Four other layers, each one appropriate in its own right but none with the power of Level 5. Individuals do not need to proceed sequentially through each level of the hierarchy to reach the top, but to be a full-fledged Level 5 requires the capabilities of all the lower levels, plus the special characteristics of Level 5. (HBR, 2001) It differs from other leadership styles as the leaders come from the grass root of the organization. Meaning, it is the leader who has grown and developed from the ground level of the organization and has gradually escalated towards the top most level. This allows an employee to go through all phases and nurture to the top level of the organization i.e. CEO level. A few years ago in Strategy & Leadership, Michael Raynor debunked the premises on which the shareholder-first model rests, and a few months ago Michael Porter criticized the current belief that looking beyond the business is bad for business. In the January/February Harvard Business Review he argues that companies should be considering other stakeholders, and so generates economic value by creating societal value. These respected thinkers offer another answer to the question about the purpose of a business: the firm should see itself as an interdependent part of a community that consists of multiple stakeholders whose interests are integral to business success. In this view, an enterprise can be seen as a system of long-term cooperative relationships between affected parties. (Collins, 2001) These include the firm’s managers and employees, customers and clients, investors, suppliers, the towns, states and nations where the firm is located or sells goods and services and even future generations of stakeholders. In such a system, stakeholder influence generates pressure for the organization to behave in ethical and environmentally and socially responsible ways, and in turn, this interdependency helps the firm be sustainable and resilient. This alternative approach to leadership is variously referred to as ‘‘sustainable,’’ ‘‘Rhineland’’ or ‘‘honeybee’’ leadership. By sustainable we don’t just mean a firm is being green and socially responsible. Research and observations in over 50 firms around the world, including in many listed corporations, suggest that sustainable leadership requires taking a long-term perspective in making decisions; fostering systemic innovation aimed at increasing customer value; developing a skilled, loyal and highly engaged workforce; and offering quality products, services and solutions. (Caroselli, 2003) Second Section In 2005, Lee Scott, ex-CEO and President of Wal-Mart Stores and now Chairman of its Executive Committee, announced that the company would essentially adopt sustainable leadership principles going forward, although he did not use that term. Financial performance was solid, but the company was the target of many complainants – employees, local communities, suppliers, and environmentalists. Scott decreed that Wal-Mart, one of largest Fortune 500 corporations, would become more ethical, and more socially and environmentally responsible. The company would use its political might to benefit ordinary Americans in healthcare and energy savings, and make people’s lives better. Scott even advocated paying more for products from ethical suppliers – an extraordinary reversal by an enterprise built around a low-cost strategy. In the years since, Wal-Mart has experimented with environmentally-friendly stores and other socially-responsible measures. Interestingly, its bottom line has not suffered during this process, posting net sales increases for the past five years, according to Wal-Mart’s 2009 annual report. In recent months, in a move to improve the healthiness of its products, the firm announced plans to reduce the fat and salt in its house brand groceries and cut prices on fresh produce. (Shaw, 2005) A considerable body of evidence shows that sustainable practices are more likely to enhance business performance than the shareholder-first approach. First, various writers have examined and compared the Anglo/US system with its Rhineland counterpart, concluding that Rhineland principles are more sustainable and lead to better outcomes than the shareholder-first approach. Second, Avery and Bergsteiner have gathered extensive evidence for each of the individual practices in their pyramid model, showing how they are more likely to contribute to positive business outcomes than their counterparts under the shareholder-first model. For example, a major difference between shareholder-first and sustainable practices lies in whether they retain people or lay them off when times get difficult. Staff retention is regarded as a foundation element in the pyramid because conditions aimed at keeping staff can be initiated at any time. However, retaining staff supports various higher order outcomes in the pyramid; it allows knowledge to be retained, and supports quality, trust, and innovation, for example, and enhances financial performance, as well as staff and customer satisfaction. Similar cases can be made for the other 22 elements. (Cooke, 2008) What senior executive would reject these as legitimate goals for an enterprise seeking to both thrive and endure? To some cynics, sustainable leadership – a management approach aimed at delivering better and more sustainable returns, reducing unwanted employee turnover and accelerating innovation – sounds too good to be true. They dismiss it as just another form of humanistic management, merely good management practices, or as following old-fashioned values. There is some truth in each of these characterizations. Certainly, sustainable leadership embraces aspects of humanistic management in that it includes valuing people and considering the firm as a contributor to social well being. The individual practices of sustainable leadership are not new: B Warren Bennis advocated recruiting, training, and employing an effective top leadership team rather than just relying on the heroic CEO. He also proposed that firms become financially transparent as a step to becoming more ethical. B Peter Drucker wanted managers to promote change and allow innovations to come from all over the organization, thereby enabling ordinary people to make extraordinary things happen. B Stephen Covey urged using the knowledge and engagement of a firm’s employees. What is new is the understanding that these practices form a self-reinforcing leadership system that enhances the performance of a business and its prospects for survival. What is also significant is that sustainable leadership practices are diametrically opposed to the typical shareholder-first approach, which business schools, management journals, the media, and many practitioners continue to promote. (Branson, 2010) Sustainable leadership in practice Sustainably-led organizations have been identified across different sectors, countries, institutional contexts, and markets. Examples of successful enterprises that consistently embrace sustainable leadership principles abound, particularly among privately-held firms and SMEs. Unlisted companies displaying virtually all of the 23 characteristics of a sustainable enterprise include: in the USA, WL Gore & Associates (Goretexw and other products) and SAS (software); in Germany, Giesecke & Devrient (bank notes and securities) and Ka ¨rcher (cleaning solutions); and in Switzerland, Endress & Hauser (flow technologies) and Migros (retail conglomerate). However, it is likely to be more difficult for listed corporations or private equity groups to operate on sustainable principles because of the pressures on them to achieve short-term performance goals. Yet numerous listed enterprises manage to operate sustainably, if necessary by standing up to or managing their relationships with the financial markets. Well-known examples include Germany’s Munich Re from the finance industry; Colgate (consumer goods) based in the USA; Britain’s BT Group (telecommunications); the Thai construction corporation, Siam Cement Group, and its competitor from Switzerland, Holcim. (Streshly & Gray, 2010) Third Section There are many obstacles in changing to sustainable leadership. First, sticking with conventional wisdom is comfortable and easy – it’s business as usual. Second, change is disruptive and initially creates both financial and intangible costs, although as the Wal-Mart case shows these may not slow growth and profits. Third, most people disregard hard evidence and make their decisions on the basis of ideological beliefs. Managers are no exception to this human foible despite their training and experience in decision making. Fourth, major change involves risks, bringing with it the chance of a drop in short-term performance, so stakeholders need to be prepared to focus on the long term. Finally, radical change can take a long time to embed and then maintain. A major Australian bank converted from a shareholder-first strategy to a sustainable leadership model. The change took a decade to take hold, with outstanding results, but unraveled in only a few years to under a new CEO with a different agenda. The choice to adopt a more sustainable strategy, one that research and practice show leads to higher resilience and performance over the long term, remains in the hands of each executive team. Unfortunately, executives remunerated on a short-term basis may have no incentive for seriously pursuing long-term change, to the detriment of shareholders and other stakeholders. This is where the fundamental short-term focus of the shareholder-first or business-as-usual model begins to destroy shareholder value and endanger a firm’s very survival. (Brown, 2005) References Branson, D. M. (2010). The last male bastion: gender and the CEO suite in America’s public companies. Taylor & Francis. Brown, M. T. (2005). Corporate integrity: rethinking organizational ethics, and leadership. Cambridge University Press. Caroselli, M. (2003). The business ethics activity book: 50 exercises for promoting integrity at work. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Collins, J. C. ( 2001). Good to great: why some companies make the leap–and others don’t. Harper Business. Cooke, P. (2008). Branding Faith: Why Some Churches and Non-Profits Make a Difference and Other’s Don’t. Gospel Light. Shaw, K. A. (2005). The intentional leader. Syracuse University Press. Streshly, W. A., & Gray, S. P. (2010). Leading Good Schools to Greatness: Mastering What Great Principals Do Well. Corwin Press. Traylor, P. S. (2001). IT Takes Two. CIO Magazine , Vol.15, No.4, November 15

Online Behavior How to Become Proficient with Netiquette...

As technology advances and people are conducting college online, the use of proper netiquette is becoming a must. One must follow certain rules when sending out email or when posting in an online classroom forum. There is not one person that likes to be flamed or embarrassed in an email or online forum. The positive and negative effects that one experiences in an online forum can have great impact on how that person responds to future discussions or emails. By following the proper core netiquette rules outlined by Virginia Shea, one can avoid such things as flaming and have a pleasant online experience. Netiquette is the proper use of etiquette that should be used in emails and online classroom forums. It is essential that personnel†¦show more content†¦This type of action shows that privacy plays a pivotal role in workplace privacy. Emailing is becoming more popular as we continue into a new era. Many people use email for many different reasons. People use email to send welcome notices, inviting people to an event, and even common everyday reciepts. A person receiving an email may become offending or feel aggression if the person sending the email does not use proper netiquette. According to Brusco one should always use proper grammer, punctuation, and spelling (Brusco, 2011). Brusco also states that one should not overuse abbreviations and acronyms (Brusco, 2011). One should avoid certain things when sending an email. The things that should be avoided are explecive content, using all caps, and also sending sensitive information via email. Everyday people continue to violate the rules of netiquette. For example, a hacker can gain the trust of a person and then exploit them. This is completely unacceptable netiquette behavior. According to Shea, there are things that one should avoid when using an online forum or email. One should avoid chain letters, electronic hoaxs, rumors, snooping, and mail bombing (Shea, 1994). There are many different consequences that can take place when one violates netiquette. According to Patsalides, one should always ask for clarification and maintain professionalism when dealing with someone who violated netiquette (Patsalides,Show MoreRelatedAdult Basic Education and Implications of Digital Literacy Essay2117 Words   |  9 Pageseducation or ABE is a complicated area given that there are varying definitions of the words the title contain. Theorists, practitioners and learners can give differing accounts of what it means to be an adult learner, what constitutes basic education and how t o facilitate said education. In practice, the area of ABE describes a whole range of programs that deliver a baseline or basic set of skills that all adults are expected to have acquired during compulsory education (ABE, 2013). According to JacobsonRead MoreMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 Pagesshape it into a lifetransforming and world-impacting endeavor. This first chapter will deal with the big-picture understanding of where you are going and the fundamental components of success in this environment. You will gain an understanding of how your purpose, Grand Canyon University’s educational format, and the essential areas of personal responsibility will propel you forward into your future. by Todd Forrest Finding Your Purpose â€Å"What do you want to be when you grow up?† Do you rememberRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . . . . 311 Adams’s Equity Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 Vroom’s Expectancy Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 Behavior Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 Goal-Setting Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 How Should Managers Motivate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 14—Leadership. . . . . . .